Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Acetylcholine in the gingival epithelium drives the pathogenesis of periodontitis

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1701252

Figure Lengend Snippet: Acetylcholine orchestrates a multi-dimensional defense program in epithelial cells. (A) Network of GSEA-GO enrichment analysis for Pg vs. NC DEGs. Each node represents a GO term, with circle size and color indicating the pathway size and the NES score, respectively. Node-sharing clusters represent functionally related term groups. (B) Transcript counts of CXCL and CCL family genes in HOKs RNA-seq data. Only genes with non-zero counts across all 12 samples are displayed, with orange bars indicating the mean. (C) Volcano plot of DEGs in Pg vs. NC comparison. Colored dots represent significantly differential expression (|log2 fold change| > 1, adjusted p -value <0.05). (D) Volcano plot of PD vs. HC DEGs in epithelial cells from single-cell data. Colored dots represent significantly differential expression (|log2 fold change| > 1, adjusted p -value <0.05). (E) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results of HOK supernatants for CXCL1 and CXCL8. *, p < 0.05 and **, p < 0.01. (F) Enrichment analysis of DEGs from the Pg + Ach vs. Pg groups using the fgsea function, showing four significantly enriched functional categories [adjusted p < 0.05, normalized enrichment score (NES) > 1.5].

Article Snippet: The levels of CXCL1 and CXCL8 were then measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Proteintech, KE00133 and KE00453), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Comparison, Quantitative Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Functional Assay

Journal: British journal of cancer

Article Title: Selective inhibition of HDAC6 promotes bladder cancer radiosensitization and mitigates the radiation-induced CXCL1 signalling.

doi: 10.1038/s41416-023-02195-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 Tubacin represses RT-induced oncogenic CXCL1 signalling. a CXCL1 mRNA expression in T24 cells with or without 5 μM tubacin (Tub) treatment followed by 5 Gy irradiation (RT) was assessed by qPCR. Panobinostat (PAN, 10 nM) was used for comparison. b CXCL1 protein levels in conditioned medium from T24 cells with or without 5 μM Tub treatment followed by 5 Gy irradiation were measured by ELISA at 24 h. c Migration and invasion assays of T24 cells with or without 5 μM Tub treatment followed by 5 Gy irradiation. Migrated and invaded cells on the lower Transwell membrane were stained and calculated at 16 and 20 h, respectively. Representative images are shown below individually. d Migration and invasion assays of T24 cells treated with conditioned medium (CM) from cells with or without 5 μM Tub treatment followed by 5 Gy irradiation. Migrated and invaded cells on the lower Transwell membrane were stained and calculated at 16 and 20 h, respectively. Representative images are shown below individually. e Migration and invasion assays of Tub- and RT + Tub-treated T24 cells in the presence of 10 μg/mL anti-CXCL1 or control IgG treatment. Panobinostat (PAN)- and RT + PAN-treated cells were used for comparison. Migrated and invaded cells on the lower Transwell membrane were stained and calculated at 16 and 20 h, respectively. Representative images are shown below individually. f Western blotting for H3K9ac, acetyl-α-tubulin and Snail in Tub- and RT + Tub-treated T24 cells with or without anti-CXCL1 treatment at 24 h. Panobinostat (PAN)- and RT + PAN-treated cells were used for comparison. Snail protein expression was quantified by ImageJ. Data are presented as the means ± SD from three independent biological replicates. Student’s t-test was used for significant differences. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. g Immunohistochemical staining for CXCL1 in tumour tissues obtained from urothelial carcinoma patients. Representative images are shown, and brown precipitates indicate positive signals. Scale bar represents 50 μm. h Overall survival analysis of 40 urothelial carcinoma patients categorised by CXCL1 protein levels. Statistical differences were assessed by the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. i Categorisation of CXCL1 expression in patients with high (pT3-4) and low (pT1-2) T stages.

Article Snippet: The conditioned medium was collected at 24 h and the CXCL1 protein level was determined using a Quantikine ELISA kit (Human CXCL1/GROα, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Irradiation, Comparison, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Migration, Membrane, Staining, Control, Western Blot, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increased expression of CXCL1 mRNA levels is associated with the clinical characteristics of patients with RCC. (A) The expression profiles of CXCL1 mRNA in normal tissues compared with ccRCC or pRCC tissues. The different levels of expression of CXCL1 mRNA within (B) different clinical grades and (C) subtypes of ccRCC tissues. Expression levels of CXCL1 mRNA in the (D) GSE53757 and the (E) GSE40435 datasets. The different levels of expression of CXCL1 mRNA within different (F) clinical grades and (G) stages of ccRCC tissues. Analysis of the expression level of CXCL1 within the clinical (H) T-status, (I) N-status and (J) M-status categories in ccRCC tissues. (K-M) A prognostic assessment was performed among the various groups. **P<0.01 vs. normal; # P<0.01 vs. normal, grade 1 and 2; ▲ P<0.01 vs. normal and ccA subtype. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; ccRCC, clear cell RCC; pRCC, papillary RCC; T, tumor; N, lymph node; M, metastasis; OS, overall survival; DSS, disease-specific survival; PFS, progression-free survival.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression levels of CXCL1 mRNA are correlated with the expression of genes implicated in tumorigenesis, recruitment of immune cells and presence of MSI in renal cell carcinoma. (A) Identification of 10 hub genes exhibiting co-expression with CXCL1. (B) Analysis of the protein-interaction network involving CXCL1. (C) Analysis of the correlation between CXCL1 and the aforementioned 10 hub genes. (D) Analysis of the correlation between CXCL1 expression and immune cell recruitment. The correlation between CXCL1 expression and the (E) number of mutations is presented, as well as (F) MSI scores. (G) The expression levels of CXCL1 in the MSI group compared with the MSS group. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001. CXCL, CXC motif chemokine ligand; ACKR1, atypical chemokine receptor 1; CCR, C-C chemokine receptor type 2; MSI, microsatellite instability; MSS, microsatellite stable or no apparent MSI; TIMER, tumor immune estimation resource; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; T, tumor; N, normal.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Protein levels of CXCL1 expression are markedly elevated in the tissues of patients with RCC. Representative images, illustrating strong-intensity staining of CXCL1 in (A) grade I, (B) grade II and (C) grade III RCC tissues. (D) Representative image, illustrating weak-intensity staining of CXCL1 in paracancerous tissues. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1; RCC, renal cell carcinoma.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Exogenous CXCL1 treatment enhances the malignant phenotype of renal cell carcinoma cells. Assessment of cell proliferation using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay in (A) 786-O and (B) CAKI-2 cells. Representative images from Transwell assays with (C) 786-O and (D) CAKI-2 cells (magnification, ×100). Assessment of cell migration using a Transwell assay in (E) 786-O and (F) CAKI-2 cells. *P<0.05; **P<0.01 vs. 0 ng/ml. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Cell Counting, Migration, Transwell Assay

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overexpression of CXCL1 stimulates the malignant phenotype of renal cell carcinoma cells. Evaluation of CXCL3 expression in the supernatant from cell medium using ELISA assay in (A) 786-O and (B) CAKI-2 cells. Assessment of cell proliferation using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay with (C) 786-O and (D) CAKI-2 cells. Representative images from Transwell assay experiments with (E) 786-O and (F) CAKI-2 cells (magnification, ×100). Assessment of cell migration using Transwell assay with (G) 786-O and (H) CAKI-2 cells. **P<0.01 vs. control. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Over Expression, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Counting, Transwell Assay, Migration, Control

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Low expression of CXCL1 suppresses the malignant phenotype of renal cell carcinoma cells. Evaluation of CXCL3 expression in the supernatant from cell medium using ELISA assay with (A) 786-O and (B) CAKI-2 cells. Assessment of cell proliferation using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay with (C) 786-O and (D) CAKI-2 cells. Representative images from Transwell assay experiments (magnification, ×100) with (E) 786-O and (F) CAKI-2 cells. Assessment of cell migration using Transwell assay with (G) 786-O and (H) CAKI-2 cells. **P<0.1 01 vs. control. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1; siRNA, small interfering RNA.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Counting, Transwell Assay, Migration, Control, Small Interfering RNA

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overexpression of CXCL1 modulates the expression of PI3K/AKT pathway-associated proteins in renal cell carcinoma cells. Representative images from western blotting assays in (A) 786-O and (B) CAKI-2 cells. Semi-quantification of the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, PI3K and AKT in (C) 786-O and (D) CAKI-2 cells. **P<0.01 vs. control. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma-2; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Over Expression, Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Oncology Letters

Article Title: Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in renal cell carcinoma facilitates tumor cell malignancy via PI3K/AKT-dependent mechanisms

doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15372

Figure Lengend Snippet: Blocking AKT reverses the promoting effect of overexpression of CXCL1 on the malignant behaviors of renal cell carcinoma cells. Assessment of cell proliferation using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay in (A) 786-O and (B) CAKI-2 cells. (Representative images from Transwell assay experiments (magnification, ×100) with (C) 786-O and (D) CAKI-2 cells. Assessment of cell migration using Transwell assay with (E) 786-O and (F) CAKI-2 cells. (magnification, ×100). **P<0.01 compared with overexpression. CXCL1, CXC motif chemokine ligand 1.

Article Snippet: Following 24 h culture, the supernatant was isolated via centrifugation at 4°C, 1,000 × g for 5 min, and a Human CXCL1 ELISA kit (cat. no. EK0722; Wuhan Boster Biological Technology, Ltd.) was employed to determine and quantify the level of CXCL1 in the supernatant, following precisely the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Over Expression, Cell Counting, Transwell Assay, Migration